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Date(s) of Images:<\/span><\/p>

July 4, 2025<\/span><\/p>

Summary:<\/span><\/p>

All imagery is for July 4, 2025. The GEOS-FP meteorology data, depending on the product, are available in real time. The IMERG Late precipitation data are available within 12 hours. The following are the descriptions, per layer.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

  1. \u201cTotal Column Water Vapor\u201d<\/span><\/span>Total precipitable water vapor from GEOS5 FP 2d time-averaged single level diagnostics, in (kg/m^2). Together with winds at 850 mb, this layer manifests convergence and elevated amounts of water vapor over Texas. These amounts are comparable to what can be seen over the Tropical Depression Chantal, located off the east coast of Florida at that time.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li>

  2. \u201cUV850.07.04.2025\u201d<\/span><\/span>Wind field at 850 mb, from GEOS5 FP 2d time-averaged single level diagnostics. The wind field explains the advection and consecutively convergence of water vapor over the parts of Texas known as the \u201cFlash Flood Alley\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li>

  3. \u201cTotal Daily Precipitation\u201d<\/span><\/span>Total precipitation from IMERG Daily Late dataset, in (inch), for July 4. It should be noted that IMERG effectively represents 10-km spatial averaging and hence cannot be compared with extremes observed by local rain gauges.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li>

  4. \u201cDay Equivalent\u201d<\/span><\/span>Accumulated precipitation for July 4, from IMERG Late, expressed as expected daily precipitation for July, based on 1998-2024 base period. It can also be called "daily equivalent" - values like "30" mean that amounts equivalent to expected 30 days precipitation were received.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol>

    \u201c1 Day Ranking\u201d<\/span><\/span>Ranking of accumulated precipitation on July 4, 2025. Rankings are shown as percentiles in each grid cell, comparing to the values of July observations in the corresponding grid cell from the base period 1998-2024. Areas in gray show where record daily accumulations occurred on that day, not seen in the 27 years of the base period. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

    Suggested Use:<\/span><\/p>

    The wind vector field can be overlayed with the water vapor to understand the convergence of large amounts of water vapor over Texas. The wind field also manifests strong persistent ridging (the clockwise circulation), east from the event, and that ridging played major role in the stalling of the weather disturbance. The extreme amounts of precipitation align with the extremes in the total column water vapor. Precipitation amounts equivalent to normally expected 30-45 days were received actually for less than a day, in fact for about 12 hours, upstream from Kerrville over the Guadalupe River. <\/span><\/p>

    Satellite/Sensor/Resolution:<\/span><\/p>

    Input precipitation data from:<\/span><\/span>Huffman, G.J., E.F. Stocker, D.T. Bolvin, E.J. Nelkin, Jackson Tan (2024), GPM IMERG Late Precipitation L3 1 day 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V07, Edited by Andrey Savtchenko, Greenbelt, MD, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: July 5, 2025, 10.5067/GPM/IMERGDL/DAY/07 <\/span><\/span>Input winds and water vapor data is at 0.3x0.25 (lon,lat) deg resolution, from:<\/span><\/span>https://opendap.nccs.nasa.gov/dods/GEOS-5/fp/0.25_deg/assim/tavg1_2d_slv_Nx <\/span><\/span>Rienecker, M.M., M.J. Suarez, R. Todling, J. Bacmeister, L. Takacs, H.-C. Liu, W. Gu, M. Sienkiewicz, R.D. Koster, R. Gelaro, I. Stajner, and J.E. Nielsen, 2008. The GEOS-5 Data Assimilation System - Documentation of Versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0. Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation, 27.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

    Credits:<\/span><\/p>

    NASA Disasters Program; original imagery and statistical analysis by Dr. A. Savtchenko, NASA/GSFC/ADNET, Code 619.<\/span><\/p>

    Access and Use Constraints:<\/span><\/p>

    NASA data and products are freely available to federal, state, public, non-profit and commercial users. This information can be experimental- or research-grade data products and may not be appropriate for operational use. These NASA data products, services, and the Disasters Mapping Portal are intended to aid decision makers and enhance situational awareness, but these data are not guaranteed to be consistently available or routinely updated.<\/span><\/p>

    REST Endpoint:<\/b>
    See URL to the bottom right.<\/span><\/p>

    WMS Endpoint:<\/b><\/span><\/p>

    https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/gis05/services/DISASTERS_202507_FLOOD_TX/gpm_analysis/MapServer/WMSServer<\/a><\/p><\/div>", "mapName": "gpm_analysis", "description": "Date(s) of Images:July 4, 2025Summary:All imagery is for July 4, 2025. The GEOS-FP meteorology data, depending on the product, are available in real time. The IMERG Late precipitation data are available within 12 hours. The following are the descriptions, per layer.\u201cTotal Column Water Vapor\u201dTotal precipitable water vapor from GEOS5 FP 2d time-averaged single level diagnostics, in (kg/m^2). Together with winds at 850 mb, this layer manifests convergence and elevated amounts of water vapor over Texas. These amounts are comparable to what can be seen over the Tropical Depression Chantal, located off the east coast of Florida at that time.\u201cUV850.07.04.2025\u201dWind field at 850 mb, from GEOS5 FP 2d time-averaged single level diagnostics. The wind field explains the advection and consecutively convergence of water vapor over the parts of Texas known as the \u201cFlash Flood Alley\u201d \u201cTotal Daily Precipitation\u201dTotal precipitation from IMERG Daily Late dataset, in (inch), for July 4. It should be noted that IMERG effectively represents 10-km spatial averaging and hence cannot be compared with extremes observed by local rain gauges.\u201cDay Equivalent\u201dAccumulated precipitation for July 4, from IMERG Late, expressed as expected daily precipitation for July, based on 1998-2024 base period. It can also be called "daily equivalent" - values like "30" mean that amounts equivalent to expected 30 days precipitation were received.\u201c1 Day Ranking\u201dRanking of accumulated precipitation on July 4, 2025. Rankings are shown as percentiles in each grid cell, comparing to the values of July observations in the corresponding grid cell from the base period 1998-2024. Areas in gray show where record daily accumulations occurred on that day, not seen in the 27 years of the base period. Suggested Use:The wind vector field can be overlayed with the water vapor to understand the convergence of large amounts of water vapor over Texas. The wind field also manifests strong persistent ridging (the clockwise circulation), east from the event, and that ridging played major role in the stalling of the weather disturbance. The extreme amounts of precipitation align with the extremes in the total column water vapor. Precipitation amounts equivalent to normally expected 30-45 days were received actually for less than a day, in fact for about 12 hours, upstream from Kerrville over the Guadalupe River. Satellite/Sensor/Resolution:Input precipitation data from:Huffman, G.J., E.F. Stocker, D.T. Bolvin, E.J. Nelkin, Jackson Tan (2024), GPM IMERG Late Precipitation L3 1 day 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V07, Edited by Andrey Savtchenko, Greenbelt, MD, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: July 5, 2025, 10.5067/GPM/IMERGDL/DAY/07 Input winds and water vapor data is at 0.3x0.25 (lon,lat) deg resolution, from:https://opendap.nccs.nasa.gov/dods/GEOS-5/fp/0.25_deg/assim/tavg1_2d_slv_Nx Rienecker, M.M., M.J. Suarez, R. Todling, J. Bacmeister, L. Takacs, H.-C. Liu, W. Gu, M. Sienkiewicz, R.D. Koster, R. Gelaro, I. Stajner, and J.E. Nielsen, 2008. The GEOS-5 Data Assimilation System - Documentation of Versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0. Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation, 27.Credits:NASA Disasters Program; original imagery and statistical analysis by Dr. A. Savtchenko, NASA/GSFC/ADNET, Code 619.Access and Use Constraints:NASA data and products are freely available to federal, state, public, non-profit and commercial users. 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The GEOS-FP meteorology data, depending on the product, are available in real time. The IMERG Late precipitation data are available within 12 hours. The following are the descriptions, per layer.\u201cTotal Column Water Vapor\u201dTotal precipitable water vapor from GEOS5 FP 2d time-averaged single level diagnostics, in (kg/m^2). Together with winds at 850 mb, this layer manifests convergence and elevated amounts of water vapor over Texas. These amounts are comparable to what can be seen over the Tropical Depression Chantal, located off the east coast of Florida at that time.\u201cUV850.07.04.2025\u201dWind field at 850 mb, from GEOS5 FP 2d time-averaged single level diagnostics. The wind field explains the advection and consecutively convergence of water vapor over the parts of Texas known as the \u201cFlash Flood Alley\u201d \u201cTotal Daily Precipitation\u201dTotal precipitation from IMERG Daily Late dataset, in (inch), for July 4. It should be noted that IMERG effectively represents 10-km spatial averaging and hence cannot be compared with extremes observed by local rain gauges.\u201cDay Equivalent\u201dAccumulated precipitation for July 4, from IMERG Late, expressed as expected daily precipitation for July, based on 1998-2024 base period. It can also be called \"daily equivalent\" - values like \"30\" mean that amounts equivalent to expected 30 days precipitation were received.\u201c1 Day Ranking\u201dRanking of accumulated precipitation on July 4, 2025. Rankings are shown as percentiles in each grid cell, comparing to the values of July observations in the corresponding grid cell from the base period 1998-2024. Areas in gray show where record daily accumulations occurred on that day, not seen in the 27 years of the base period. Suggested Use:The wind vector field can be overlayed with the water vapor to understand the convergence of large amounts of water vapor over Texas. The wind field also manifests strong persistent ridging (the clockwise circulation), east from the event, and that ridging played major role in the stalling of the weather disturbance. The extreme amounts of precipitation align with the extremes in the total column water vapor. Precipitation amounts equivalent to normally expected 30-45 days were received actually for less than a day, in fact for about 12 hours, upstream from Kerrville over the Guadalupe River. Satellite/Sensor/Resolution:Input precipitation data from:Huffman, G.J., E.F. Stocker, D.T. Bolvin, E.J. Nelkin, Jackson Tan (2024), GPM IMERG Late Precipitation L3 1 day 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V07, Edited by Andrey Savtchenko, Greenbelt, MD, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: July 5, 2025, 10.5067/GPM/IMERGDL/DAY/07 Input winds and water vapor data is at 0.3x0.25 (lon,lat) deg resolution, from:https://opendap.nccs.nasa.gov/dods/GEOS-5/fp/0.25_deg/assim/tavg1_2d_slv_Nx Rienecker, M.M., M.J. Suarez, R. Todling, J. Bacmeister, L. Takacs, H.-C. Liu, W. Gu, M. Sienkiewicz, R.D. Koster, R. Gelaro, I. Stajner, and J.E. Nielsen, 2008. The GEOS-5 Data Assimilation System - Documentation of Versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0. Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation, 27.Credits:NASA Disasters Program; original imagery and statistical analysis by Dr. A. Savtchenko, NASA/GSFC/ADNET, Code 619.Access and Use Constraints:NASA data and products are freely available to federal, state, public, non-profit and commercial users. 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